Umhlahlandlela 3 kwangu-5 · Ukwesekwa
Siyini isifo sokukhohlwa?
Amaphuzu amqoka
- Isifo sokukhohlwa sidalwa yizifo ezilimaza ubuchopho.
- Sithinta inkumbulo, ukucabanga, ukukhuluma nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
- Sivame ukuba sibi kakhulu njengoba isikhathi sihamba.
- Akuyona ingxenye evamile yokuguga, futhi akulona iphutha lamuntu.
Okwenzekayo esifweni sokukhohlwa
Isifo sokukhohlwa (dementia) sidalwa yizifo ezilimaza ubuchopho kancane kancane. Ubuchopho bulawula indlela esikhumbula ngayo, esicabanga ngayo, esikhuluma ngayo, esinyakaza ngayo nesizizwa ngayo. Njengoba umonakalo usabalala, lezi zinto ziba nzima futhi impilo yansuku zonke idinga usizo olwengeziwe. Ngenxa yokuthi isifo sokukhohlwa sihlukile kumuntu ngamunye, ukunakekela kufanele kulungiselwe lowo muntu.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifo sokukhohlwa
Isifo sokukhohlwa yigama leqoqo lezimpawu, hhayi isifo esisodwa nje. INhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba ichaza izifo eziningana ezingasidala. Ukwazi uhlobo kusiza abasebenzi bezempilo ukuthi bakhethe ukunakekela nokwelashwa okufanele. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Isifo se-Alzheimer’s — uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, oludala u-60–70% wezigameko. Izinkinga zenkumbulo zivame ukuba yisibonakaliso sokuqala.
- Isifo sokukhohlwa esibangelwa yimithambo yegazi (vascular dementia) — sibangelwa yizinkinga zokugeleza kwegazi eliya ebuchosheni, isibonelo ngemuva kwesifo sohlangothi.
- Isifo sokukhohlwa esine-Lewy bodies — sibangelwa ukunqwabelana okungajwayelekile kwamaprotheni ngaphakathi kwamaseli ezinzwa. Singadala izinguquko ekunyakazeni, ekulaleni, nokubona izinto ezingekho.
- Isifo sokukhohlwa se-frontotemporal — iqembu lezifo ezilimaza ingxenye yangaphambili yobuchopho. Sivame ukushintsha ubuntu bomuntu, ukuziphatha noma ulimi kuqala, futhi singaqala umuntu esemncane.
- Isifo sokukhohlwa esixubile — izinhlobo zivame ukugqagqana, futhi abantu abaningi banohlobo olungaphezu kolulodwa.
Ezinye izimbangela
Isifo sokukhohlwa singaba nezinye izimbangela futhi. INhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba ibala eziningana zazo. Ezinye zazo zingavinjelwa noma zelashwe kusenesikhathi, okuyesinye isizathu sokuthi umuntu ahlolwe. Zihlanganisa:
- isifo sohlangothi
- ezinye izifo ezithathelanayo, ezifana ne-HIV
- ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okuyingozi
- ukulimala ekhanda okuphindaphindiwe
- ukungondleki kahle
Umthombo: INhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba, iphepha lamaqiniso ngesifo sokukhohlwa (ngesiNgisi).
Ubani ongaba nesifo sokukhohlwa?
Isifo sokukhohlwa sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65. Abantu abasebancane nabo bangasithola, futhi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isifo sokukhohlwa esiqala umuntu esemncane (young-onset dementia). Abantu abaningi abanesifo sokukhohlwa baphila nezinye izimo zempilo, ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo sikashukela. Ukunakekela lezi zimo kahle kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekela isifo sokukhohlwa.
Singayinciphisa yini ingozi?
Akekho ongathembisa ukuvimbela isifo sokukhohlwa. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukunakekela umzimba nengqondo kunganciphisa ingozi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinto eziningi ezilimaza inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi zilimaza nobuchopho. Lezi zinyathelo zingasiza:
- Gcina umzimba wakho ukhuthele.
- Ungabhemi, futhi uphuze utshwala obuncane noma ungabuphuzi nhlobo.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo futhi ugcine isisindo esinempilo.
- Gcina umfutho wegazi, ushukela osegazini ne-cholesterol kulawulekile.
- Chitha isikhathi nabanye abantu, futhi ugcine ingqondo yakho isebenza.
- Thola usizo uma ungasezwa kahle.
Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nesifo sokukhohlwa. Akusona iseluleko sezempilo somuntu othile. Udokotela, unesi noma isisebenzi sezempilo esimaziyo umuntu singanikeza iseluleko esimfanelayo. Sicela ukhulume nabo nganoma yikuphi okukukhathazayo.